ÐE Biblia me ŋutinya ma dzɔ vavã? Ðe amewo de asi gbe vovovowo dodo me zi ɖeka abe ale si Biblia gblɔe enea? Ame aɖewo ƒoa nu tsia tre ɖe nya si Biblia gblɔ tso ale si gbegbɔgblɔ vovovoawo wɔ dze egɔme hekaka la ŋu. Agbalẽŋlɔla aɖe gblɔ be: “Babel-mɔa ŋuti nyakpakpaa nye glitoto manyatalenuwo dometɔ ɖeka.” Yudatɔ aɖe si nye rabi gɔ̃ hã gblɔ be “numanyamanya tae wokpa ŋutinya ma be woatsɔ aɖe ale si dukɔwo wɔ va dzɔe la me.”

Nu ka tae amewo melɔ̃na ɖe Babel ƒe ŋutinya sia dzi o? Kpuie ko la, esi ŋutinya sia mewɔ ɖeka kple nu si agbalẽnyalawo fiana tso gbewo ƒe dzɔtsoƒe ŋu o tae. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, agbalẽnyala aɖewo gblɔna be gbe vovovoawo medzɔ zi ɖeka o, ke boŋ gbegbɔgblɔ ɖeka mee wodzɔ tso vivivi. Ame bubuwo xɔe se be gbe vovovo siwo nɔ anyi le gɔmedzedzea me, siwo nye gbetete dzro ko, la mee gbe deŋgɔ siwo li fifia la do tso vivivi. Nufiafia siawo kple bubu siwo tsi tsitre ɖe wo nɔewo ŋu la wɔe be ame geɖewo ƒe susu va wɔ ɖeka kple nya aɖe si Nufialagã W. T. Fitch gblɔ le eƒe agbalẽ me. Egblɔ be: “Míekpɔ numeɖeɖe si ŋu kakaɖedzi blibo le na nya sia haɖe o.”—The Evolution of Language.

Nu ka ŋue blemaduwo nɔƒe kulawo kple numekulawo ke ɖo le gbegbɔgblɔwo dzɔtsoƒe ŋu? Ðe nu siwo ŋu woke ɖo la ɖo kpe nufiafia vovovoawo dzia? Alo ɖe wowɔ ɖeka kple Babel ƒe ŋutinya si le Biblia mea? Gbã la, na míagadzro Biblia me ŋutinya sia me nyuie kpɔ.

Biblia gblɔ be “Sinear-nyigba,” si wova yɔ emegbe be Babilonia lae wotɔtɔ gbe na amegbetɔwo le eye wokaka ɖe anyigba dzi. (1 Mose 11:2) Ɣekaɣie nu sia dzɔ? Biblia gblɔ be “amegbetɔwo ma” le Peleg ŋɔli. Wodzi Peleg abe ƒe 250 ene do ŋgɔ na  Abraham. Eya ta edze ƒãa be ƒe 4,200 aɖewoe nye esi va yi ye Babel ƒe ŋutinyaa dzɔ.—1 Mose 10:25; 11:18-26.

Agbalẽnyala aɖewo gblɔna be gbe siwo míedona egbea la dzɔ tso gbegbɔgblɔ ɖeka si nye gbe gbãtɔ si amegbetɔwo dona la me. Eye woƒe susue nye be eyae amewo dona ƒe 100,000 kloe ye nye esi va yi. * Bubuwo hã gblɔna be gbe vovovo siwo amewo dona ƒe 6,000 aɖewoe nye esi va yi la mee gbe siwo míedona egbea la dzɔ tso. Gake aleke gbegbɔgblɔŋutinunyalawo wɔna be yewoanya nu tso gbe siwo megali o la ŋu? Magazine si woyɔna be Economist la gblɔ be: “Esesẽ be woakpɔ ta na nya sia. Blemanu siwo ana woanya ale si nuwo nɔ le blemae la mele gbegbɔgblɔŋutinunyalawo si abe ale si wòle le nugbagbeŋutinunyalawo gome ene o.” Magazinea gblɔ kpee be ame aɖe si xɔe se be ɖe gbegbɔgblɔwo va dzɔ vivivi la nɔa te ɖe “susuŋudɔwɔwɔ kple nuwo dodo kpɔ siwo wowɔna to akɔntabubu dzi” la dzi ƒoa nya ta.

Ke hã “gbegbɔgblɔ ŋuti blemanu” aɖewo li. Nu kawoe nye blemanu siawo, eye nu kae woɖe fia tso amegbetɔwo ƒe gbegbɔgblɔwo dzɔtsoƒe ŋu? Numekugbalẽ aɖe gblɔ be: “Womagate ŋu ake ɖe gbegbɔgblɔ ŋuti blemanu alo nuŋlɔɖi aɖeke ŋu si nɔ anyi do ŋgɔ na ƒe 4,000 alo 5,000 o.” (The New Encyclopædia Britannica) Afi kae blemaduwo nɔƒe kulawo ke ɖe “gbegbɔgblɔ ŋuti blemanu,” alo “gbegbɔgblɔ ƒe nuŋlɔɖi” siawo ŋu le? Woke ɖe wo ŋu le anyiehe Mesopotamia, afi si blemadu Sinear * nɔ. Esia fia be kpeɖodzinu siwo li la wɔ ɖeka kple nya siwo Biblia gblɔ.

Biblia ƒe nuŋlɔɖia gblɔ be, Mawu “[tɔtɔ] woƒe gbe [le Babel], bena ame aɖeke nagase nɔvia ƒe gbe o!” (1 Mose 11:7) Esia wɔe be Babel-mɔa tulawo ‘dzudzɔ du la tsotso’ eye wokaka “ɖe anyigba blibo la katã dzi.” (1 Mose 11:8, 9) Eya ta Biblia megblɔ be gbegbɔgblɔ ɖeka aɖe mee gbe siwo katã míedona egbea la dzɔ tso o. Ke boŋ ɖe wòna míenya be amewo dze gbegbɔgblɔ yeye deŋgɔ geɖewo dodo gɔme zi ɖeka; woate ŋu aɖe amegbetɔwo ƒe seselelãme kple nuŋububu ɖe sia ɖe agblɔ le gbe mawo dometɔ ɖe sia ɖe me, eye wo dometɔ ɖe sia ɖe to vovo tso nɔvia gbɔ.

Ke gbegbɔgblɔ ƒe hatsotso siwo le xexea me egbea ya ɖe? Gbe ɖeka tɔgbiwoe wonye loo alo woto vovo? Lera Boroditsky, si nye susuŋutinunyala la, ŋlɔ bena: “Esi gbegbɔgblɔŋutinunyalawo ku gbegbɔgblɔ siwo le xexea me la me tsitotsito la, (woade 7,000, ke woƒe akpa sue aɖe ko mee wodzro), wokpɔ vovototo gbogbo manyaxlẽ siwo womenɔ mɔ kpɔm na o.” Ɛ̃, togbɔ gbe kple gbetagbe siwo Eʋeawo dona, abe Aŋlɔ, Mina kple Ʋedome ene, la le gbegbɔgblɔ ƒe hatsotso ɖeka me eye woɖi wo nɔewo hã la, woto vovo tso gbe siwo le hatsotso bubu me, abe Eŋlisigbe alo Fransegbe ene, la gbɔ sãsãsã.

Gbegbɔgblɔwo kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe amewo ƒe nuŋububu kple ale si woɖɔa nu siwo ƒo xlã woe la dzi, abe amadede, agbɔsɔsɔme, teƒe kple taɖoƒe ene.  Le kpɔɖeŋu me, le gbe aɖe me la, ame ate ŋu agblɔ be, “Tredzɔ le wò nuɖusi ŋu.” Gake le gbe bubu aɖe me la, woagblɔ be, “Tredzɔ le wò anyieheɣetoɖoƒesi ŋu.” Vovototo siawo atɔtɔ ame vavã. Esia ta mewɔ nuku o be Babel-mɔa tulawo kpɔe be yewomagate ŋu ayi dɔa dzi o.

Aleke gbe si amegbetɔwo dona le gɔmedzedzea me la nɔ? Biblia ka nya ta be ame gbãtɔ, Adam, te ŋu to nyagbe yeyewo vɛ esime wòna ŋkɔ lãwo kple dziƒoxe dzodzoewo katã. (1 Mose 2:20) Adam gblɔ hakpanya tsɔ ɖe ale si wòse le eɖokui me ɖe srɔ̃a ŋui la gblɔ, eye nyɔnua hã te ŋu ɖe Mawu ƒe sededea kple nu si adzɔ ne womeɖo toe o la me. (1 Mose 2:23; 3:1-3) Eya ta amegbetɔwo tea ŋu ɖoa dze kple wo nɔewo nyuie eye wotoa nya yeyewo vɛ le gbe gbãtɔa me.

Esi wotɔtɔ gbe na amegbetɔwo le Babel la, esia xe mɔ na wo be womete ŋu wɔ woƒe nunya kple ŋusẽ ŋu dɔ le ɖekawɔwɔ me o. Ke hã gbe yeyeawo nye gbegbɔgblɔ deŋgɔwo abe gbãtɔa ke ene. Ƒe alafa ʋɛ aɖewo megbe la, amegbetɔwo tso dugãwo, woɖo aʋakɔ sesẽwo anyi, eye wote ŋu tsa asi kple dukɔ bubuwo. (1 Mose 13:12; 14:1-11; 37:25) Ðe woate ŋu awɔ ŋgɔyiyi mawo ne ɖe womezãa nyagbe kple gbeŋutise deŋgɔwo le nuƒoƒo me oa? Le Biblia ƒe nya nu la, amegbetɔwo ƒe gbe gbãtɔa kple gbe siwo wote dodo le Babel la menye nya aɖewo gbɔgblɔ ɖe ve me alo gbetete dzro ko o, ke boŋ gbegbɔgblɔ deŋgɔwoe wonye.

Numekuku siwo wowɔ egbea la ɖo kpe edzi be nya sia le eme. Gbe ŋuti numekugbalẽ aɖe gblɔ be: “Dukɔ ɖe sia ɖe si ŋu wowɔ numekuku le, ne wobu wo be ‘womeʋu ŋku o’ le woƒe dekɔnu ta hã la, wokpɔe be woƒe gbegbɔgblɔwo ya nye gbe deŋgɔ siwo ƒe ŋgɔdede de sɔsɔ ge kple dukɔ siwo woyɔna be dukɔ ‘deŋgɔwo’ la tɔ.” (The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language) Nenema kee Nufialagã Steven Pinker si fiaa nu le Harvard College la gblɔ ɖe eƒe agbalẽ aɖe me be: “Gbe Madeŋgɔ aɖeke meli o.”—The Language Instinct.

Esi míedzro ƒe si gbegbɔgblɔ ŋuti “blemanu” siwo li la xɔ kpakple afi si woke ɖe wo ŋu le, vovototo gã siwo le gbegbɔgblɔ ƒe hatsotsowo dome kple ale si blemagbewo de ŋgɔe me vɔ la, aleke míaƒo nya ta wòasɔe? Ame geɖe ƒo nya ta be nya si Biblia gblɔ tso nu si dzɔ le Babel ŋu lae nye numeɖeɖe si ŋu kakaɖedzi le.

Biblia gblɔ na mí be Yehowa Mawu tɔtɔ gbe na amegbetɔwo le Babel, elabena wodze aglã ɖe eŋu. (1 Mose 11:4-7) Ke hã edo ŋugbe be yeana “dukɔwo nado gbegbɔgblɔ dzadzɛ aɖe, eye wo katã woayɔ Yehowa ƒe ŋkɔ, ne woawɔ ɖeka asubɔe.” (Zefaniya 3:9, NW) “Gbegbɔgblɔ dzadzɛ” sia, si nye nyateƒe si tso Mawu ƒe Nyaa me la, na amewo le ɖeka wɔm le xexea me godoo. Edze abe esɔ be míakpɔ mɔ be le etsɔme la, Mawu ana amegbetɔwo nado gbe ɖeka si awɔe be woagawɔ ɖeka nyuie wu ene, eye wòato esia me aɖe tɔtɔ si va le Babel la ɖa.