Ndi Oyom Ekpep Usem Hebrew ye Greek?
Ndi Oyom Ekpep Usem Hebrew ye Greek?
ẸKEWET ata ekese ikpehe Bible ke usem Hebrew ye Greek. * Edisana spirit Abasi ọkọnọ mme owo ndausụn̄ man ẹda mme usem oro ẹwet Bible. (2 Samuel 23:2) Ke ntre, ẹkeme ndidọhọ ke “Abasi ọkọnọ odudu ẹda ẹwet” se mmọ ẹkewetde.—2 Timothy 3:16, 17.
Edi ata ediwak owo oro ẹkotde Bible mfịn ifiọkke usem Hebrew m̀mê Greek. Mmọ ẹnyene ndikot Bible oro ẹkabarede ẹsịn ke usem mmọ. Ekeme ndidi okwo edi ntre n̄ko. Sia owo mîdọhọke ke Abasi ọkọnọ odudu spirit ẹda ẹkabade Bible, ekeme ndidi afo emesikere ete, ‘Ndi mmekeme ndinen̄ede mfiọk se Bible etịn̄de ke emi n̄kotde edikabade Bible, mîdịghe ndi akpana ndomo ndikpep usem Hebrew ye Greek?’
Se Anade Eti
Enyene ediwak n̄kpọ emi anade eti mbemiso ọbọrọde mbụme oro? Akpa, ikpîkpu edifiọk usem Hebrew m̀mê Greek eset inamke owo ọfiọk etop Bible ke utịbe utịbe usụn̄. Jesus ọkọdọhọ mme Jew eyo esie ete: “Mbufo ẹdụn̄ọde N̄wed Abasi, koro mbufo ẹkere ke enye ayanam mbufo enyene nsinsi uwem; ndien kpa emi etie ntiense aban̄a mi. Ndien kpa ye oro mbufo iyomke nditiene mi man mbufo ẹkpenyene uwem.” (John 5:39, 40) Nso ikedi mfịna mmọ? Ndi mmọ ikọfiọkke usem Hebrew? Baba, mmọ ẹma ẹnen̄ede ẹfiọk usem oro. Edi, Jesus ama aka iso etịn̄ ete: “Mmetịm mfiọk nte ke ima Abasi idụhe mbufo ke esịt.”—John 5:42.
Apostle Paul okonyụn̄ ọdọhọ mme Christian oro ẹkesemde usem Greek ke Corinth eset kpasụk ntre ete: “Mme Jew ẹben̄e mme idiọn̄ọ, mbon Greek ẹnyụn̄ ẹyom ọniọn̄; edi nnyịn ikwọrọ Christ oro ẹkekọn̄de ke eto, emi edide n̄kpọ iduọ ọnọ mme Jew onyụn̄ edide ndisịme ọnọ mme idụt.” (1 Corinth 1:22, 23) Ana in̄wan̄-in̄wan̄ ke idịghe ikpîkpu edisem usem Hebrew m̀mê Greek akanam owo enyịme etop oro odude ke Ikọ Abasi.
Udiana n̄kpọ edi ke okposụkedi emi ndusụk owo mfịn Utom 7:20 ye Mme Hebrew 11:23 ọwọrọ “n̄kpọ imam” ke usem Greek eyomfịn. Ke adianade do, nte ẹsemde ye nte ẹbonde ikọ ke usem oro enen̄ede okpụhọde idahaemi.
ẹsemde usem Hebrew m̀mê Greek eyomfịn, mme usem emi ẹnen̄ede ẹkpụhọde ye usem Hebrew ye Greek oro ẹkedade ẹwet Bible. Esisọn̄ ata ediwak owo oro ẹsemde usem Greek mfịn ndinen̄ede mfiọk usem Greek oro ẹkedade ẹwet Bible. Emi edi koro usem emi enyene mbufa ikọ, emi ẹdade itie n̄kani, ndien ediwak ikọ emi ẹdude ẹdisịm emi ẹdiwọrọ n̄kpọ en̄wen. Ke uwụtn̄kpọ, ikọ oro ẹkabarede “eye” keIdem edieke afo ekpepde usem Hebrew m̀mê Greek eyomfịn, iwọrọke ke afo ọyọfiọk etop Bible nnennen nnennen nte ẹkewetde enye ke mme akpasarade usem. Oyosụk oyom fi ese mme n̄wed ukabadeikọ ye mme n̄wed mbet usem oro man ọfiọk nte ẹkesisemde mme usem oro ke ini ẹkewetde Bible.
Ọyọhọ n̄kpọ ita edi ke ekeme ndinen̄ede nsọn̄ ndikpep obufa usem. Okposụkedi emi ekemede ndimem utom ndikpep ikọ ifan̄ ke usem en̄wen ke nsonso oro, ekeme ndida ukeme ofụri ini ke ediwak isua mbemiso ekemede ndifiọk mme natok usem oro. Edi mbemiso afo ọfiọkde usem oro ntre, osụk edi akpanikọ ke edieke owo mînen̄ekede ifiọk n̄kpọ edi afanikọn̄. Didie?
Ikọ Oro Ọwọrọ Didie?
Ndi akanam owo emi ekpepde usem mbufo obụp se ikọ ke usem mbufo ọwọrọde? Edieke edide ntre, ọwọrọ ọmọfiọk ke isimemke utom ndinọ ibọrọ. Ntak-a? Koro ikọ kiet ekeme ndiwọrọ ediwak n̄kpọ. Ekeme ndidi ama ọdọhọ owo oro etịn̄ se ẹketịn̄de ẹsiak ikọ oro. Ekeme ndisọn̄ fi ndisiak se ikọ oro ọwọrọde edieke mûfiọkke se ẹketịn̄de ẹsiak ikọ oro. Ke uwụtn̄kpọ, owo ekeme ndibụp fi se ikọ Efịk emi “uyo” ọwọrọde. Ikọ kiet emi ekeme ndiwọrọ nsio nsio n̄kpọ, etiene se ẹtịn̄de. Enye ekeme ndiwọrọ uyom oro owo anamde ke ini etịn̄de ikọ, m̀mê eto ikọt emi esin̄wụmde mfri. Ke idaha en̄wen, enye ekeme ndiwọrọ obio owo m̀mê udia emi ẹdade ndomuyo ẹtem. Enye akam ekeme ndiwọrọ n̄kpọnta emi esidiade owo. Ikọ emi ekeme n̄ko ndiwọrọ ewụhọ, nte ke ini ẹdọhọde ke edidem “ọnọ uyo.” Ewe ke otu emi edi nnennen se enye ọwọrọde?
N̄wed ukabadeikọ ekeme nditịn̄ kpukpru se ikọ ọwọrọde ntem. Ndusụk n̄wed ukabadeikọ ẹsikam ẹwet se ikọ ọwọrọde ke adiana ke adiana ẹtiene mbon oro ẹmehede ẹkan. Edi se ẹtịn̄de ẹban̄a edinam fi ọfiọk se ikọ ọwọrọde. Ke uwụtn̄kpọ: Yak idọhọ ke afo emenyene esisịt ifiọk aban̄a ibọkusọbọ onyụn̄ oyom ndidụn̄ọde mfiọk se inamde fi enyene idiọn̄ọ udọn̄ọ. Afo emekeme ndikot n̄wed ibọkusọbọ. Enye ekeme ndidọhọ fi ke owo usụkkiet ke otu owo duop oro ẹnyenede ukem idiọn̄ọ udọn̄ọ oro afo enyenede, ke udọn̄ọ mmọ edi ntian̄, edi ke owo kiet ke otu owo duop esidi n̄kwon̄. Oyom enyene ekese ifiọk man ekeme ndifiọk nnennen n̄kpọ oro afịnade fi. Kpasụk ntre, edieke ikọ kiet esiwọrọde n̄kpọ kiet utịm ike-usụkkiet ke otu ikoduop oro ẹsiakde enye, emi idin̄wamke fi edieke afo okotde akpan etop emi ikọ oro ọwọrọde n̄kpọ en̄wen. Oyom enen̄ede ọfiọk se ẹtịn̄de ẹban̄a man ikọ oro ekeme ndin̄wan̄a fi.
Edieke oyomde ndikpep ikọ oro ẹdude ke Bible, ana afo ọfiọk n̄ko se ẹtịn̄de ẹban̄a ke ebiet oro ẹsiakde ikọ oro. Ke uwụtn̄kpọ, mme akpasarade ikọ oro ẹsikabarede “spirit” ẹkeme ndiwọrọ ediwak n̄kpọ, etiene se ẹtịn̄de ẹban̄a. Ndusụk ini, ẹkeme ndikabade mmọ “ofụm,” ndien enen ntre. (Exodus 10:13; John 3:8) Ke mme idaha en̄wen, mmọ ẹkeme ndiwọrọ odudu uwem, m̀mê ibifịk uwem, emi owo ye unam ẹnyenede. (Genesis 7:22; Psalm 104:29; James 2:26) Ẹkot n̄ko mbon oro enyịn mîkwe, emi ẹdude ke heaven, mme spirit. (1 Ndidem 22:21, 22; Matthew 8:16) Ẹkot anam-utom odudu Abasi edisana spirit. (Genesis 1:2; Matthew 12:28) Ikọ emi n̄ko ke ẹkot odudu emi esinamde owo enyene akpan edu, ido, m̀mê edu ukeren̄kpọ, onyụn̄ anamde otuowo ẹnyene akpan edu ukeren̄kpọ kiet.—Joshua 2:11; Galatia 6:18.
Okposụkedi emi n̄wed ukabadeikọ usem Hebrew m̀mê Greek ekemede nditịn̄ nsio nsio n̄kpọ oro ikọ emi ọwọrọde, se ẹtịn̄de ẹban̄a edinam fi ọfiọk m̀mê ewe ke otu oro ke ẹtịn̄ ẹban̄a. * Emi edi ntre edide okot Bible ke akpasarade usem emi ẹkedade ẹwet enye m̀mê okot enye oro ẹkabarede ẹsịn ke usem mbufo.
Ndi Ọdiọk Ndikot Bible Emi Ẹkabarede?
Ndusụk owo ẹsịn ukeme ndikpep usem Hebrew m̀mê Greek oro ẹkedade ẹwet Bible m̀mê mbiba. Kpa ye oro mmọ ẹfiọkde ke mmimọ inen̄ekede ifiọk usem oro, esinem mmọ ndikeme ndikot Bible ke mme akpasarade usem emi ẹkedade ẹwet mmọ, ẹnyụn̄ ẹkere ke ima inen̄ede ibọ ufọn ukeme oro ikesịnde ikpep mme usem oro. Nte ededi, edieke afo mûkemeke ndinam ntre, ndi akpana akpa mba onyụn̄ etre ndidụn̄ọde nyom akpanikọ Bible? Baba, ukpudehedei unam oro! Ekese ntak odu ndidọhọ ntre.
Akpa kan̄a, odot ẹkot Bible oro ẹkabarede. Ke nditịm ntịn̄, mbon oro ẹkewetde N̄wed Abasi Christian Usem Greek, m̀mê inua-okot Obufa Testament, ẹma ẹsiwak ndikot nto N̄wed Abasi Usem Hebrew oro ẹkekabarede ẹsịn ke usem Greek ke ini ẹkotde ẹto N̄wed Abasi Usem Hebrew. * (Psalm 40:6; Mme Hebrew 10:5, 6) Okposụkedi emi mmọ ẹkesitịn̄de ikọ Hebrew ẹkpekenyụn̄ ẹkemede ndikot nto akpasarade N̄wed Abasi Usem Hebrew, ana in̄wan̄-in̄wan̄ ke mmọ ẹkema enye oro ẹkekabarede ẹsịn ke usem oro mbon oro mmọ ẹkewetde n̄wed ẹnọ ẹkenen̄erede ẹfiọk.—Genesis 12:3; Galatia 3:8.
Udiana, idem edieke owo ekemede ndifiọk mme usem oro ẹkedade ẹwet Bible, enye ekeme ndikot se Jesus eketịn̄de n̄kukụre ke ẹma ẹkekabarede. Edi ntre koro Jesus eketịn̄ ikọ esie ke usem Hebrew edi mme andiwet Gospel ẹkewet ke usem Greek. * Owo ekededi emi ekerede ke edieke imọ ikemede ndikot ikọ mme anam-akpanikọ asan̄autom Jehovah eset ke akpasarade usem oro mmọ ẹkedade ẹwet, ke emi anam imọ inyene san̄asan̄a ifiọk, enyene ndifiak n̄kere n̄kpọ emi. Jehovah ndikanam ẹkakabade ikọ emi akakan Asan̄autom esie eketịn̄de ẹnịm—ke usem emi ata ediwak owo ẹkesemde ini oro—owụt ke idịghe usem oro idade ikot Bible edi akpan n̄kpọ. Se idide akpan n̄kpọ edi ndikot se ẹkedade odudu spirit ẹwet ke Bible ke usem oro ekemede ndin̄wan̄a nnyịn nnyụn̄ nda nsịn ke edinam.
Ọyọhọ ita, akana ẹnam kpukpru mbon nsụhọdeidem emi ẹtode “kpukpru idụt ye esien ye usem ye obio” ẹnyene “eti mbụk” emi odude ke Bible. (Ediyarade 14:6; Luke 10:21; 1 Corinth 1:27-29) Emi anam ata ediwak owo mfịn ẹkeme ndikpep mfiọk se idide uduak Abasi ke Bible usem mmọ, iyomke ẹkpep usem en̄wen kan̄a. Ediwak usem ẹnyene nsio nsio edikabade, emi anam andikot emek enye emi enye amade. *
Ntre, afo ekeme ndisan̄a didie mfiọk akpanikọ oro odude ke Bible? Mme Ntiense Jehovah ẹkụt ke edikpep Bible ke nde ke nde nnyụn̄ nneme se ikanamde ẹtịn̄ n̄kpọ oro ẹtịn̄de, edi eti usụn̄ ndifiọk se Ikọ Abasi etịn̄de. Ke uwụtn̄kpọ, mmọ ẹkeme ndimek akpan ibuotikọ nte “Ndọ,” ẹdụn̄ọde mme ufan̄ikọ Bible oro ẹtịn̄de n̄kpọ ẹban̄a ibuotikọ oro. Ke usụn̄ emi, mmọ ẹda ikpehe Bible kiet ẹnam ikpehe en̄wen an̄wan̄a. Ntak emi mûdọhọke Mme Ntiense Jehovah ẹdi ẹdinọ fi ukpep Bible mfọn oro mmọ ẹnọde kpukpru owo? Ọkpọkọm afo esem ewe usem, Abasi oyom “kpukpru orụk owo [ẹnyene] edinyan̄a ẹnyụn̄ ẹsịm nnennen ifiọk akpanikọ.”—1 Timothy 2:4; Ediyarade 7:9.
[Mme Ikọ Idakisọn̄]
^ ikp. 2 Ẹkewet ndusụk ikpehe Bible ke usem Aramaic; usem emi enen̄ede ebiet usem Hebrew oro ẹkedade ẹwet Bible. Uwụtn̄kpọ ẹdi Ezra 4:8 esịm 6:18 ye 7:12-26; Jeremiah 10:11; ye Daniel 2:4b esịm 7:28.
^ ikp. 14 Oyom ifiọk ke ndusụk n̄wed ukabade ikọ Bible ẹwet nte ẹkabarede mme ikọ oro ke edikabade Bible oro, utọ nte King James Version; mmọ idaha ke idemmọ ikabarede se mme ikọ ẹwọrọde.
^ ikp. 17 Ke eyo Jesus Christ ye eke mme apostle esie, ẹma ẹkabade ofụri N̄wed Abasi Usem Hebrew ẹsịn ke usem Greek. Edikabade emi ke ẹkekot Septuagint, ndien ata ediwak mme Jew oro ẹkesemde usem Greek ẹma ẹnen̄ede ẹkot enye. Ata ediwak itie N̄wed Abasi Usem Hebrew oro ẹkotde nnennen nnennen ẹsịn ke N̄wed Abasi Christian Usem Greek ẹto Septuagint.
^ ikp. 18 Ẹnịm ke apostle Matthew ekewet Gospel esie ke usem Hebrew. Idem ọkpọkọm edi ntre, se idude idisịm mfịn emi edi enye oro ẹkekabarede ẹsịn ke usem Greek, emi etiede nte Matthew ke idem esiemmọ akakabarede.
^ ikp. 19 Ama oyom nte ẹnemede ẹban̄a nsio nsio usụn̄ emi ẹkabarede Bible ye nte ekpemekde enye emi ẹkabarede ọfọn, se ibuotikọ oro “Didie ke Ekeme Ndifiọk Bible Oro Ẹkabarede Ọfọn?” ke nsiondi magazine emi, eke May 1, 2008.
[Ekebe/Ndise ke page 22]
Septuagint
Mme Jew oro ẹkesemde usem Greek ke eyo Jesus ye eke mme apostle esie ẹma ẹnen̄ede ẹkot Septuagint usem Greek. Septuagint edi N̄wed Abasi Usem Hebrew emi ẹkekabarede ẹsịn ke usem Greek. Septuagint enen̄ede edi n̄wọrọnda koro enye ekedi akpa ini emi ẹkedomode ndikabade Edisana N̄wed Abasi nsịn ke usem en̄wen, onyụn̄ edi n̄wọrọnda n̄ko ke ntak akwa utom emi ekesịnede ke ndikabade enye. Otu mme akabade n̄wed ẹketọn̄ọ ndikabade Septuagint ke n̄kpọ nte isua 2,300 emi ẹkebede, edi mbon en̄wen ẹkeda utom emi ẹkeberi ke se ikande isua ikie ẹma ẹkebe ọtọn̄ọde ke ini oro.
Akpa mme Christian ẹma ẹwara ndinen̄ede nda Septuagint n̄wụt ke Jesus ekedi Christ, kpa Messiah oro ẹken̄wọn̄ọde. Mmọ ẹma ẹnen̄ede ẹnyene uforo ndikama enye tutu mbon en̄wen ẹtọn̄ọ ndidọhọ ke Septuagint ekedi edikabade Bible mme Christian. Emi ama anam mme Jew imaha enye aba onyụn̄ anam ẹkabarede N̄wed Abasi ediwak ke usem Greek. Aquila, emi okokponode Abasi ke ido mme Jew, akakabarede kiet ke otu mme edikabade emi ke n̄kpọ nte isua 1,900 emi ẹkebede. Ke ini eyen ukpepn̄kpọ Bible kiet eketịn̄de aban̄a edikabade emi, enye ama etịn̄ aban̄a “n̄kpọ kiet emi owo mîkodorike enyịn.” Enyịn̄ Abasi, Jehovah, emi ẹkedade abisi usem Hebrew ẹwet, ama odu ke ediwak itie ke Bible emi Aquila akakabarede esịn ke usem Greek.
[Ebiet Ẹdade N̄kpọ Ẹto]
Israel Antiquities Authority
[Mme ndise ke page 23]
Se idide akpan n̄kpọ edi ndikot se ẹkedade odudu spirit ẹwet ke Bible ke usem oro ekemede ndin̄wan̄a nnyịn nnyụn̄ nda nsịn ke edinam