UWAVYA UWALIPO: Baibo italowa nanti cakuti ivyeo vyalemvilwe pa vintu ivikaola zuwa nupya kwali na alwani alondanga ukoonona Baibo. Nomba ya kalemba yamwi na ya kasenula yalondanga ukwalula mazwi amuli Baibo. Insita zimwi yalondanga ivyeo ivyaaya muli Baibo vilingane ni visambilizyo vyao pakuti yatalondela masambilizyo alembwa muli Baibo. Uvwini vimwi-vimwi vino yacisile:

• Cifulo ca kupepelapo: Pakasi ka myaka yakwe 100 na 300 lino Yesu atatala wiza pano nsi, aalembanga mabuku aakutampilapo 5 umu lulimi lwa ina Samaliya yalunzilepo amazwi yamwi pa mpela yakwe Kufuma 20:17 aakuti “ku Mwamba wa Gelizimu. Nupya kuko kwene ali kuno ulakuula kavuwa.” Aina Samaliya yacisile vii pano yalondanga Malembelo yayatungilila pakuti yakuule ing’anda ya kupepelamo apa “Mwamba wa Gelizimu.”

• Cisambilizyo cakuti muli Leza wenga mwaya aeneco yatatu: Lino ni myaka 300 itacili isile kufuma pano Baibo yasiliile ukulembwa, kwali kalemba umwi uwazumiile umu cisambilizyo cii uwalunzileko mazwi pali 1 Yoane 5:7 aakuti “kwi yulu, Tata, Izwi, na Mupasi Mutakatifu: na antu yaa yatatu yaya wenga.” Amazwi yaa yataalimo mu vyalembwa vya kutandikilapo. Umuntu umwi uwasambilila sana pali Baibo (Bruce Metzger) walanzile ati amazwi yaa yatandike ukuzanwa muli Baibo “kutandika mu myaka yakwe ya 500 ukuya inkoleelo nupya yalolekelanga sana umu vyalembwa vya Cilatini ca mpiti na muli Baibo wa Cilatini uwa kuti Vulgate.”

• Izina lyakwe Leza: Ya kasenula aingi yakwe Baibo yapingwilepo ukuti yafumyemo izina lyakwe Leza mu Malembelo pano yalondelanga lutambi lwa Yayuda. Yapyanikizyepo na mazina ya mucinzi wakwe yaa; “Leza” nanti “Umwene;” mazina kwene yaa amucinzi muli Baibo yasiyaomvya sile kukwamilako Kaumba, lelo nu ku antu kwene, ku viluwi alino na Ciwa.—Yoane 10:34, 35; 1 Kolinto 8:5, 6; 2 Kolinto 4:4. *

VINO BAIBO YAPUSWIKE: Cakutandikilapo, nanti cakuti ya kalemba yamwi yatiikangako amano pa kulemba  limwi nu kuomvya sile usomvi, aingi yamanyikisye umulimo uu nupya iisileko sana amano. Ya Masoleti yakopolwile Malembelo a Ciyebulai pakasi ka myaka yakwe 500 na 900 iyapanga ivyalembwa vino yakaamila ukwi zina lyao kwene. Yapendanga amazwi na malembelo aapanga izwi lyonga na lyonga pakuti yasininkizye ukuti vyonsi vili ningo sana. Ndi pali pamwi pano yakutwisika, yalembanga umu mbali ku kulangilila kuti yakutwisika. Ya Masoleti yakanyile ukwalulamo cimwi mu vyeo vya mu Baibo. Umuntu umwi musambilile sana (Professor Moshe Goshen-Gottstein) watiile: “Ndi cakuti yasenulamo kamwi uku mufulo sile, wali nu kuya u mulandu ukalamba sana.”

Cakwe ciili i cakuti, ivyalembwa vya mpiti ivyayako ndakai vika-avwa antu aakalonda ukusambilila pali Baibo ukumanya zuwa umuli intazi. Intunguluzi zya mapepo zyamanyile ukuti muli Baibo wao uwa Cilatini mutaali uwavya uli onsi. Ali cino fwandi yalundiilepo mazwi pali 1 Yoane 5:7, yano iitulandapo pa kutandika. Amazwi kwene yaa iizile iyaika na muli Baibo wa Cizungu, wakuti King James Version! Nomba i vyani vino iizile iyamanya lino yazanyile ivyalembwa vya mpiti? Umuntu wino tulanzilepo mpiti (Bruce Metzger) watiile: “Ivyalembwa [pali 1 Yoane 5:7] vitaali umu vyalembwa vyonsi ivya mpiti (mu Cisyriac, Cicoptic, Ciarmenian, Ciethiopic, Ciarabic, Cislavonic), vyaali sile umu Cilatini.” Lyene ndakai Baibo wa King James Version wino wapitulukwamo na Mabaibo yauze, yafumyamo amazwi kwene yayo aufi.

Uzye ivyalembwa vya mpiti vino yazana, vikalangilila ukuti amazwi aaya muli Baibo yasenuka? Lino impapulo zya mpiti zino yakaama ukuti Dead Sea Scrolls yazizanyile umu 1947, lyene asambilila sana yakweti vino yangaomvya ukulinganya ni vyalemvile ya Masoleti mu Ciyebulai kuli vino vyalemvilwe imyaka 1,000 ni mpuzyo. Umwi pali yaayo aalinganyanga ivyeo ivyali pa mpapulo zya Dead Sea Scrolls watiile ulupapulo sile longa “lukalangilila apaswe ukuti ivyeo vino vyaya muli Baibo vitasenuka, nanti angala papita imyaka ukucila pali 1,000 pano ivyeo vi vyalembiilwe, aakopololanga yaali acumi nupya iisileko sana mano.”

Umu Laibulale imwi umu musumba wa Dublin, uku Ireland, mwaya ivyalembwa vya mpiti sana apa mapepala aampiti; pa mapepala yayo paaya mabuku mupipi na yonsi aaya umu Malembelo a Ina Klistu Acigliki; ivyalembwa vimwi pali vivyo vyalemvilwe ala papita imyaka mupipi na 100 kufuma pano ibuku lya kusyalikizya muli Baibo lyalembiilwe. Ibuku limwi (The Anchor Bible Dictionary) lyalondolola ukuti: “Ivyalembwa vii vikatwavwa sana ukumanya ivingi, nupya vikatulangilila ukuti ivyeo vino vyalembwa muli Baibo vitasenuka foo.”

IVYACITIKA: Ivyalembwa vya mpiti vingi sana ivya mabuku a mu Baibo, vyalenga kuti Baibo itononeka nu kuti iziipileko. Umuntu umwi, Sir Frederic Kenyon, walanzile apa Malembelo Acigiliki ati: “Kutaaya ibuku lya mpiti ilyakwata ivyeo ivingi ivya cumi ndi vino malembelo yaa yaaya, nupya umuntu aali wensi angazumila ukuti ivyeo ivyaya umu malembelo yaa vitasenuka.” Lyene William Henry Green nawe walanzile pa Malembelo Aciyebulai ati: “Kutaaya ibuku lya mpiti ilyakwata ivyeo vya cumi ndi vino malembelo yaa yakwata.”