IMilayo Elitshumi yimithetho uNkulunkulu ayinika ama-Israyeli endulo. Imilayo le ibizwa langokuthi Amabala Alitshumi nxa kuhunyutshwa ibizo lesiHebheru elithi ʽaseʹreth had·deva·rimʹ. Ibala leli lesiHebheru livela kathathu emabhukwini amahlanu asekuqaliseni kweBhayibhili abizwa ngokuthi yi-Pentateuch kumbe i-Torah. (U-Eksodusi 34:28; UDutheronomi 4:13; 10:4) NgesiGrikhi kusetshenziswa ibala elithi deʹka (okutsho elitshumi) loʹgous (okutsho amabala) futhi yikho lapho okwavela khona ibala elithi “Decalogue.”

 UNkulunkulu wabhala iMilayo Elitshumi ematsheni amabili wasewanika uMosi eNtabeni yaseSinayi. (U-Eksodusi 24:12-18) IMilayo Elitshumi itholakala ku-Eksodusi 20:​1-​17 lakuDutheronomi 5:​6-​21.

•  Uluhlu lweMilayo Elitshumi

•  Kungani iMilayo Elitshumi ibhalwa ngezindlela ezitshiyeneyo?

•  Yayingeyani iMilayo Elitshumi?

•  AmaKhristu akhangelelwe ukuthi agcine iMilayo Elitshumi yini?

•  Ilokhu isasebenza yini lamuhla?

•  Izimiso eziseMilayweni Elitshumi ziyatholakala lakuThestamente Elitsha

1.   Khonza uJehova uNkulunkulu kuphela.​—U-Eksodusi 20:3.

2.   Ungakhothameli izithombe.​—U-Eksodusi 20:4-6.

3.   Ungaliphathi ngeze igama likaJehova.​—U-Eksodusi 20:7.

4.   Khumbula usuku lweSabatha.​—U-Eksodusi 20:8-11.

5.   Hlonipha uyihlo lonyoko.​—U-Eksodusi 20:12.

6.   Ungabulali.​—U-Eksodusi 20:13.

7.   Ungafebi.​—U-Eksodusi 20:14.

8.   Ungebi.​—U-Eksodusi 20:15.

9.   Ungafakazi amanga.​—U-Eksodusi 20:16.

10.   Ungahawukeli.​—U-Eksodusi 20:17.

 IBhayibhili kalitsho ukuthi kumele ilandelane njani imithetho le yikho abantu belemibono etshiyeneyo endabeni le. Uluhlu oluphezulu yilo olujayelekileyo ebantwini abanengi lanxa abanye besenza okutshiyeneyo. Okwenza kube lomehluko yindlela ababeka ngayo umthetho wokuqala, owesibili lowokucina. a

 Imilayo Elitshumi yayiyingxenye yoMthetho kaMosi futhi kwakuleminye imilayo edlula 600 emthethweni lo. UMthetho kaMosi wawuyisivumelwano phakathi kukaNkulunkulu labako-Israyeli. (U-Eksodusi 34:27) UNkulunkulu wabatshela ukuthi babezaphumelela nxa bangalandela konke okulotshwe eMthethweni kaMosi. (UDutheronomi 28:1-14) Isizathu esiqakathekileyo esenza uNkulunkulu wabapha umthetho sasingesokunceda isizwe sako-Israyeli ukuthi silindele ukufika kukaMesiya.—KwabaseGalathiya 3:24.

 Hatshi, isizwe sako-Israyeli yiso esasiphiwe uMthetho kaMosi owawugoqela leMilayo Elitshumi. (UDutheronomi 5:2, 3; IHubo 147:19, 20) Yikho amaKhristu awakhangelelwanga ukuthi agcine uMthetho kaMosi. LamaJuda ayengamaKhristu ngekhulu lokuqala ‘ayesekhululiwe eMthethweni.” (KwabaseRoma 7:6) b UMthetho kaMosi wangenelwa ‘ngumthetho kaKhristu’ ohlanganisa konke uJesu alaya abalandeli bakhe ukuthi bakwenze.—KwabaseGalathiya 6:2; UMathewu 28:19, 20.

 Ye iyasebenza ngoba sifunda okunengi ngoNkulunkulu nxa singayihlola. (2 KuThimothi 3:16, 17) IMilayo Elitshumi ilezimiso ezingasoze ziphelelwe yisikhathi loba sekutheni. (IHubo 111:7, 8) Izimiso lezi yizo ezingumgogodla wezimfundiso ezikuThestamente Elitsha.​—Khangela isihloko esithi, “ Izimiso eziseMilayweni Elitshumi ziyatholakala lakuThestamente Elitsha.”

 UJesu wathi uMthetho kaMosi okugoqela leMilayo Elitshumi kweyeme emithethweni emibili eqakathekileyo. Wathi: “‘Kumele uthande uJehova uNkulunkulu wakho ngenhliziyo yakho yonke, langomphefumulo wakho wonke, langengqondo yakho yonke.’ Lo yiwo umlayo oqakatheke kulayo yonke njalo yiwo owokuqala. Owesibili ofanana lawo ngothi: ‘Kumele uthande umakhelwane wakho ngendlela ozithanda ngayo.’ Wonke uMthetho kanye labaPhrofethi kusekelwe emilayweni le emibili.” (UMathewu 22:34-40) Lanxa amaKhristru engakhangelelwanga ukuthi alandele uMthetho kaMosi, akhuthazwa ukuthi athande uNkulunkulu labomakhelwane.​—UJohane 13:34; 1 UJohane 4:20, 21.