Ahabw’enki hariho Envunuura za Baibuli nyingi ezitarikushushana obunaku obu? Nooreeba envunuura ezi nk’ezirikuhwera omu kwetegyereza Baibuli nari nk’ezirikuturemesa kwetegyereza? Waamanya obukomooko bwazo nikibaasa kukuhwera kumanya yaaba zihikire.

Kwonka shi, omu kutandika n’oha owaahandiikire Baibuli, kandi ryari?

Baibuli erimu ebicweka bibiri. Ekicweka eky’okubanza kirimu ebitabo 39 “ebyagambirwe Ruhanga.” (Abarooma 3:2) Ruhanga akahwera abashaija abeesigwa kuhandiika ebitabo ebi kumara emyaka mingi nka 1,100 kuruga 1513 Y.A. kuhika 443 Y.A. Bakaba baahandiika omu Ruheburaayo, n’ahabw’ekyo ekicweka eki nitukyeta Ebyahandiikirwe eby’Oruheburaayo, ekirikumanywa nk’Endagaano Enkuru.

Ekicweka ekya kabiri kirimu ebitabo 27 nakyo nikimanywa nka “Ekigambo kya Ruhanga.” (1 Abatesalonika 2:13) Ruhanga akahwera abeegi ba Yesu abeesigwa kuhandiika ebitabo ebi omu bwire bukye​—emyaka nka 60 kuruga 41 Y.A.K. kuhika 98 Y.A.K. Bakaba baabihandiika omu Rugriika, n’ahabw’ekyo ekicweka eki nitukyeta Ebyahandiikirwe eby’Orugriika, ekirikumanywa nk’Endagaano Ensya.

Byona ebitabo 66 ebyahandiikisiibwe Ruhanga nibyo birikukora Baibuli eijwiire​—obutumwa bwa Ruhanga aha bantu. Kwonka ahabw’enki envunuura za Baibuli ezindi zaakozirwe? N’ahabw’enshonga ishatu ezi:

• Kubaasisa abantu kushoma Baibuli omu rurimi rwabo.

• Kwihamu enshobe ezi abaakoporoire Baibuli baakozire kugira ngu bagarureho ebigambo bya Baibuli ebyabandiize.

• Kugira ngu batemu ebigambo ebyorobi.

 Yetegyereze oku enshonga ezi zaakoresiibwe omu nvunuura eza ira.

Emyaka nka 300 Yesu atakazairwe, Abayudaaya abarikucondooza bakatandika kuvunuura Ebyahandiikirwe eby’Oruheburaayo omu rurimi orundi​—Orugriika. Envunuura egi ekamanywa nka Septuagint ey’Orugriika. Ahabw’enki baakozire envunuura egi? Okuhwera Abayudaaya abaabaire nibagamba Orugriika kandi batarikukoresa Oruheburaayo kumanya “Ebyahandiikirwe ebirikwera.”​—2 Timoseo 3:15.

Septuagint ekahwera naabo abatari Bayudaaya, abaabaire nibakoresa Orugriika kumanya eki Baibuli erikwegyesa. Ekabahwera eta? Omuhangu orikwetwa W. F.  Howard akagira ati: “Ahagati y’ekyasha ky’okubanza, ekaba eri Baibuli eyaabaire ekoresibwa Abakristaayo, kandi bakaba baza ahari buri sinagogi nibashoboorora ku Mesia niwe Yesu.” (Ebyakozirwe 17:3, 4; 20:20) Okurugiirira aha mucondoozi omwe aha bya Baibuli orikwetwa F. F.  Bruce, egi n’enshonga emwe ahabw’enki Abayudaaya baingi “baareekiire aho kuta omutima aha Septuagint.”

Abeegi ba Yesu ku baagumire nibatunga Ebyahandiikirwe by’Orugriika, baabikwatanisa n’Ebyahandiikirwe by’Oruheburaayo ebyabaire bivunwirwe omu Rugriika, kandi baakoramu Baibuli ei twine obunaku obu.

Bwanyima y’emyaka nka 300, Baibuli eherize kuhandiikwa, omunyadiini omuhangu Jerome akavunuura Baibuli omu Rulatini erikumanywa nka Envunuura y’Orulatini Orwa Butoosha. Hakaba hariho envunuura ezindi omu Rulatini, ahabw’enki haabaire nihetengyesa envunuura ensya? Ekitabo The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia nikishoboorora kiti: Jerome akaba naayenda kwihamu “enshobi n’ebigambo ebyabaire byongirwemu n’okugaruramu ebigambo ebyabaire biihirwemu.”

Jerome akaihamu enshobe nyingi. Kwonka bwanyima y’obwire, abeebembezi b’ediini bakakora enshobi z’amaani. Bakacwamu ngu Baibuli ey’Orulatini Orwa Butoosha ebe niyo yaakoresibwa yonka kandi bakagumizamu nibagikoresa kumara ebyasha bingi! Omu mwanya gw’okuhwera abantu ba butoosha kwetegyereza Baibuli, envunuura egi ekareetera baingi  baaremwa kwetegyereza Baibuli ahakuba abantu baingi bakaba batarikumanya Orulatini.

Abantu bakagumizamu nibavunuura Baibuli ezindi​—nk’eya Syriac Peshitta eyaabaire neemanywa munonga omu kyasha kya kataano Y.A.K. Kwonka okuhitsya omu kyasha kya 14 nibwo baayongyeiremu amaani kubaasa kuha abantu ba butoosha Ebyahandiikirwe omu rurimi rwabo oru baabaire nibeetegyereza.

Omuri Bungyereza ekyasha kya 14 kirikuhendera, John Wycliffe akatandika kutebeekanisa Baibuli omu Rungyereza orurimi orwabaire nirwetegyerezibwa abantu omu kicweka kye. Bwanyima y’ekyo, ebyoma by’okuteera ebitabo ebyakozirwe Johannes Gutenberg’s bikahwera abahangu kuteera n’okushohoza Baibuli omu ndimi nyingi omuri Buraaya.

Baibuli ezaabaire zivunwirwe omu Rungyereza ku zaakanyire, bamwe baatandika kubuuza yaaba n’eky’oburyo kushohoza Baibuli ezitarikushushana omu rurimi rumwe. Omu kyasha kya 18 omunyadiini John Lewis kuruga Bungyereza akahandiika ati: “Endimi nizihwa aha murembe kandi ziba zitakyetegyerezibwa, n’ahabw’ekyo nikyetengyesa kushwijuma envunuura eza ira kubaasa kuzihikaanisa n’endimi ezirikukoresibwa abantu kandi ezirikwetegyerezibwa gye.”

Abarikucondooza ahari Baibuli obunaku obu, nibabaasa kushwijuma gye envunuura eza ira. Nibeetegyereza gye endimi eza ira ezi Baibuli yaahandiikirwemu, kandi baine n’ebihandiiko ebya ira ebi baajumbwire ebirikukwata ahari Baibuli. Ebi nibibahwera kumanya kyenyine ekyabaire kiri omu Baibuli ey’okubanza.

N’ahabw’ekyo ni kikuru kugira envunuura ensya eya Baibuli. Kwonka, oine kwegyendesereza waaba noozikoresa. * Rukundo eyaabuzima yaaba niyo eri kuhiga abacondoozi kubaasa kushohoza Baibuli ensya, omurimo ogu barikuba bakozire nigubaasa kutugasira twena.