ABANTU BA KERA

Inyandiko yo ku rukuta

FUNGURA

Dukurikije kalendari yo muri iki gihe, mu ijoro ryo ku ya 5 rishyira iya 6 Ukwakira mu wa 539 Mbere ya Yesu, umurwa mukuru w’Ubwami bwa Babuloni wagezweho n’ikintu cyasaga n’aho kidashoboka. Muri iryo joro, uwo mugi wigaruriwe n’ingabo z’Abamedi n’Abaperesi, zari ziyobowe n’umwami w’Umuperesi witwaga Kuro, nanone uzwi ku izina rya Kuro Mukuru. Amayeri y’intambara yakoresheje yari ahambaye.

UKO KURO YIGARURIYE BABULONI

Hari igitabo cyavuze ko “igihe Kuro yafataga umwanzuro wo gutera Babuloni, uwo mugi ari wo wari ukomeye kuruta indi yo mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, kandi birashoboka ko ari na wo wari ukomeye ku isi hose” (Ancient World Leaders—Cyrus the Great). Babuloni yari yubatse hejuru y’Uruzi rwa Ufurate, kandi inkuta ndende zarindaga uwo mugi zari zikikijwe n’imigende y’amazi y’urwo ruzi, ku buryo byatumaga abantu babona ko nta wapfa kuwuvogera.

Kugira ngo ingabo za Kuro zinjire mu mugi wa Babuloni, zayobeje amazi y’uruzi rwa Ufurate, bituma amazi yageraga muri uwo mugi agabanuka cyane. Ingabo ze zambutse urwo ruzi zigera ku marembo y’umugi bari basize adafunze, maze ziwigarurira zitarwanye. Abahanga mu by’amateka b’Abagiriki, ari bo Hérodote na Xénophon, bavuze ko Abanyababuloni bumvaga ko bari bafite umutekano usesuye kuko bumvaga ko umugi wabo nta wawuvogera. Kubera iyo mpamvu, abenshi muri bo, harimo n’umwami, bari bibereye mu birori mu ijoro bagabweho igitero. (Reba ingingo igira iti “Inyandiko yo ku rukuta.”) Ikindi kandi, kuba Kuro yarigaruriye uwo mugi, byashohoje bumwe mu buhanuzi butangaje bwo muri Bibiliya.

Bibiliya yari yarahanuye ko Kuro yari kuzigarurira Babuloni

UBUHANUZI BUTANGAJE

Ubuhanuzi bwa Yesaya burihariye kubera ko bwanditswe imyaka 200 mbere y’uko busohora, kandi bukaba bushobora kuba bwaranditswe imyaka 150 mbere y’uko Kuro avuka. Suzuma ibi bikurikira:

Umuntu witwa Kuro yari kuzigarurira Babuloni akabohora Abayahudi.—Yesaya 44:28; 45:1.
Uruzi rwa Ufurate rwari kuzakama, ingabo za Kuro zikabona aho zinyura.—Yesaya 44:27.
Amarembo y’umugi ntiyari kuzakingwa.—Yesaya 45:1.
Ingabo z’Abanyababuloni zari ‘kuzareka kurwana.’ —Yeremiya 51:30; Yesaya 13:1, 7.

BABOHOWE MU BURYO BW’IGITANGAZA

Mu ntangiriro z’umwaka wa 607 Mbere ya Yesu, ingabo z’Abanyababuloni zarimbuye Yerusalemu, maze abenshi mu bacitse ku icumu zibajyana mu bunyage. Abo Bayahudi bari kuzamara igihe kingana iki mu bunyage? Imana yaravuze iti “iyo myaka mirongo irindwi nirangira, umwami w’i Babuloni n’iryo shyanga, . . . nzabaryoza icyaha cyabo, kandi icyo gihugu nzagihindura umwirare kugeza ibihe bitarondoreka.”—Yeremiya 25:12.

Nk’uko byavuzwe haruguru, Kuro yafashe Babuloni mu mwaka wa 539 Mbere ya Yesu. Nyuma yaho yarekuye Abayahudi, batangira kugera mu gihugu cyabo mu mwaka wa 537 Mbere ya Yesu, hashize neza neza imyaka 70 bajyanywe mu bunyage (Ezira 1:1-4). Babuloni yaje guhinduka “umwirare,” maze ibyo na byo byongera kugaragaza ko ibivugwa mu buhanuzi bwo muri Bibiliya ari ukuri.

KUKI IBYO BYAGOMBYE KUGUSHISHIKAZA?

Zirikana ibi: Bibiliya yahanuye ko (1) Abayahudi bari kuzamara imyaka 70 mu bunyage, ko (2) Kuro yari kuzigarurira Babuloni kandi ivuga n’amayeri y’ingenzi yari kuzakoresha. Nanone yavuze ko (3) Babuloni yari kuzarimbuka burundu. Abantu buntu ntibari kumenya ibyo bintu mbere y’igihe. Ahubwo umwanzuro ukwiriye twafata, ni uko “nta na rimwe ubuhanuzi bwigeze buzanwa n’ubushake bw’umuntu, ahubwo abantu bavugaga ibyavaga ku Mana” (2 Petero 1:21). Koko rero, dukwiriye guha agaciro ibiri muri Bibiliya, tukabisuzumana ubwitonzi.

“INYANDIKO YO KU RUKUTA”

Mu ijoro Kuro yatereyemo Babuloni ayitunguye, Umwami Belushazari wa Babuloni yari mu birori n’“abatware be igihumbi,” maze bagiye kubona babona ikiganza cy’umuntu cyandika mu buryo bw’igitangaza. Icyo kiganza cyanditse ku “rukuta” rw’ingoro y’umwami abari aho bose babireba, amagambo agira ati “MENE, MENE, TEKELI na PARISINI.” *—Daniyeli 5:1, 5, 25.

Umuhanuzi Daniyeli yasobanuriye iryo yobera umwami Belushazari wari wagize ubwoba. Daniyeli yamusobanuriye ayo magambo muri make, avuga ko ubwami bwe bwari bugeze “ku iherezo,” ko ‘bwapimwe ku munzani’ bagasanga budashyitse, kandi ko Babuloni yari ‘yahawe Abamedi n’Abaperesi’ (Daniyeli 5:26-28). Ibyo byose byarasohoye. Mu ndimi zimwe na zimwe, imvugo ngo “Inyandiko yo ku rukuta” yumvikanisha ko hari akaga kegereje.

^ par. 36 Ayo magambo yerekeza ku buremere bw’ibiceri. Niba wifuza ibisobanuro birambuye, reba igice cya 7 mu gitabo Itondere Ubuhanuzi bwa Daniyeli!, cyanditswe n’Abahamya ba Yehova.