1. Ni uruhe rugendo Yona yagombaga gukora, kandi se yumvaga ameze ate?

YONA ashobora kuba yari afite igihe kinini cyo gutekereza. Yari agiye gukora urugendo rw’ibirometero birenga 800 n’amaguru. Urwo rugendo rwari kumara ukwezi cyangwa wenda kukanarenga. Yagombaga guhitamo kunyura mu nzira z’ubusamo ariko ziteje akaga, cyangwa kunyura mu nzira ndende zirimo umutekano, hanyuma agafata urugendo akanyura mu mibande no mu misozi myinshi. Uko bigaragara, yagombaga kuzenguruka Ubutayu bunini bwa Siriya, akambuka imigezi ihurura cyane nka Ufurate, kandi agacumbika mu banyamahanga bo mu migi no mu midugudu yo muri Siriya, muri Mezopotamiya no muri Ashuri. Uko iminsi yagendaga ihita, ari na ko Yona agenda yegera umugi wa Nineve yari agiyemo, ni ko yarushagaho kugira ubwoba.

2. Yona yamenye ate ko atashoboraga guhunga inshingano ye?

² Ikintu Yona atashidikanyagaho, ni uko atashoboraga gutoroka ngo ahunge iyo nshingano. Yari yarigeze kubigerageza. Nk’uko twabibonye mu gice kibanziriza iki, Yehova yigishije Yona yihanganye akoresheje umuhengeri wo mu nyanja kandi amurokora mu buryo bw’igitangaza akoresheje urufi runini. Hashize iminsi itatu, icyo gifi cyarutse Yona ku nkombe ari muzima. Ibyo byatangaje Yona cyane kandi bituma yiyemeza gukora ibyo Yehova yamusabye.​—Yona igice cya 1 n’icya 2.

3. Ni uwuhe muco Yehova yagaragarije Yona, kandi se ni ikihe kibazo twibaza?

³ Igihe Yehova yategekaga Yona kujya i Nineve ku ncuro ya kabiri, uwo muhanuzi yarumviye akora urugendo rurerure agana mu burasirazuba. (Soma muri Yona 3:1-3.) Ariko se yaba yaremeye ko igihano Yehova  yamuhaye kimukosora? Urugero, Yehova yari yaramugiriye imbabazi, amurinda kurohama, ntiyamuhanira ko yigometse, kandi amuha ubundi buryo bwo gusohoza iyo nshingano. None se nyuma y’ibyo byose, Yona yize kugirira abandi imbabazi? Kwitoza kugirira abandi imbabazi ni ibintu bikunze kugora abantu badatunganye. Reka turebe icyo ibyabaye kuri Yona bishobora kutwigisha.

4, 5. Kuki Yehova yabonaga ko Nineve ari “umugi munini,” kandi se ibyo bitwigisha iki kuri Yehova?

⁴ Yona ntiyabonaga Nineve nk’uko Yehova yayibonaga. Bibiliya ivuga ko Imana yabonaga ko “Nineve ari umugi munini” (Yona 3:3). Mu gitabo cya Yona harimo ahantu hagera kuri hatatu Yehova yavuze ko Nineve yari “umugi munini” (Yona 1:2; 3:2; 4:11). Kuki Yehova yabonaga ko Nineve ari umugi munini?

⁵ Umugi wa Nineve wari umaze igihe kirekire, kandi wari mu migi ya mbere Nimurodi yubatse nyuma y’Umwuzure. Biragaragara  ko uwo mugi munini wari mu karere karimo imigi myinshi, kandi umuntu yashoboraga kuwambukiranya n’amaguru mu gihe cy’iminsi itatu (Intang 10:11; Yona 3:3). Umugi wa Nineve wari munini cyane, urimo insengero nziza cyane, ukikijwe n’inkuta zikomeye, kandi warimo n’andi mazu. Ariko nta na kimwe muri ibyo byose cyatumaga Yehova Imana abona ko uwo mugi ufite agaciro kenshi. Yehova yabonaga ko abantu ari bo bari bafite agaciro. Nineve yari ituwe n’abantu benshi ugereranyije n’indi migi y’icyo gihe. Nubwo abo bantu bakoraga ibibi, Yehova yabitagaho. Yakundaga abantu bose bari muri uwo mugi, kandi yari yizeye ko buri wese yashoboraga kwicuza, maze akitoza gukora ibyiza.

6. (a) Kuki Yona ashobora kuba yaragize ubwoba igihe yageraga i Nineve? (Reba n’ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji.) (b) Umurimo wo kubwiriza Yona yakoze utwereka ko yari muntu ki?

⁶ Amaherezo igihe Yona yinjiraga mu mugi wa Nineve, ashobora kuba yaratewe ubwoba n’ubwinshi bw’abantu barenga 120.000 yahasanze. * Yagenze umunsi wose, agera nubwo acengera mu duce twarimo abantu benshi, wenda agira ngo abone ahantu hitegeye umugi wose yari gutangariza ubutumwa yari yahawe. Yona yabigenje ate kugira ngo ageze ubutumwa kuri abo bantu? Ese yize kuvuga ururimi rw’Abashuri, cyangwa Yehova yamuhaye ubushobozi bwo kuruvuga mu buryo bw’igitangaza? Nta cyo tubiziho. Birashoboka ko Yona yatangaje ubwo butumwa mu rurimi rwe rw’igiheburayo, maze undi muntu akamusemurira mu rurimi rwavugwaga i Nineve. Uko byaba byaragenze kose, ubutumwa bwe bwarumvikanye nubwo butari gutuma abantu bamwishimira. Ubwo butumwa bwagiraga buti “hasigaye iminsi mirongo ine gusa Nineve ikarimburwa” (Yona 3:4). Ubwo butumwa Yona yabuvuganaga ubutwari kandi akabusubiramo kenshi. Yagaragaje ubutwari no kwizera, kandi iyo ni imico Abakristo bakwiriye kwihatira kugira muri iki gihe.

7, 8. (a) Abaturage b’i Nineve bakiriye bate ubutumwa bwa Yona? (b) Ni iki umwami w’i Nineve yakoze amaze kumva ubutumwa bwa Yona?

⁷ Abantu b’i Nineve bateze amatwi ubutumwa Yona yatangazaga. Birashoboka ko Yona yatekerezaga ko bari kubwakira nabi kandi bakamugirira nabi. Ariko habaye ikintu gitangaje. Abantu bamuteze amatwi kandi barumvira! Ibyo Yona yavuze byahise bigera ku bantu bose. Mu gihe gito mu mugi hose bavugaga iby’ubuhanuzi bwa  Yona, bwavugaga ko uwo mugi wari ugiye kurimbuka. (Soma muri Yona 3:5.) Abakire n’abakene, aboroheje n’abakomeye, abato n’abakuru, bose baricujije, biyiriza ubusa maze bidatinze iyo nkuru igera ku mwami.

⁸ Umwami na we yemeye ubutumwa bwa Yona, atinya Imana, ava ku ntebe y’ubwami yiyambura imyambaro myiza cyane ya cyami, yambara imyenda imeze nk’iya rubanda ndetse “yicara mu ivu.” Umwami yatanze itegeko afatanyije n’“abanyacyubahiro be” cyangwa abakomeye, ategeka ko igikorwa cyo kwiyiriza ubusa abaturage bari batangije gikorwa mu gihugu hose. Nanone yategetse ko abantu bose bambara ibigunira ndetse bakabyambika n’amatungo. * Yicishije bugufi yemera ko abaturage be bakoze ibikorwa bibi ndetse n’urugomo. Nanone umwami yagaragaje icyizere yari afite cy’uko Imana y’ukuri yari kubona bihannye ikabagirira imbabazi. Yaravuze ati ‘wenda Imana yareka uburakari bwayo bugurumana ntiturimbuke.’​—Yona 3:6-9.

9. Ni iki abajora ibintu bavuze ku baturage b’i Nineve, kandi se tuzi dute ko ibyo bavuze atari ukuri?

⁹ Hari abantu bajora ibintu bashidikanya bavuga ko abantu b’i Nineve batashoboraga guhinduka mu gihe gito cyane nk’icyo. Icyakora, abahanga mu bya Bibiliya bavuze ko kwitabira ibintu muri ubwo buryo byari bihuje n’umuco w’abo baturage ba kera, bemeraga imiziririzo kandi bakaba ba nyamujya iyo bijya. Nanone kandi, tuzi ko iryo jora ridahuje n’ukuri kuko na Yesu Kristo ubwe yavuze ko abaturage b’i Nineve bihannye. (Soma muri Matayo 12:41.) Ibyo Yesu yavuze yari abizi neza kubera ko igihe ibyo bintu byabaga, yari mu ijuru abikurikiranira hafi (Yoh 8:57, 58). Ntitwagombye na rimwe kumva ko abantu badashobora kwihana, uko ibikorwa bibi bakora byaba bingana kose. Yehova ni we wenyine ushobora kureba ibiri mu mutima w’umuntu.

10, 11. (a) Yehova yakoze iki igihe abantu b’i Nineve bihanaga? (b) Kuki dushobora kwizera tudashidikanya ko imanza za Yehova zari zitunganye?

¹⁰ Yehova yakoze iki igihe abantu b’i Nineve bihanaga? Nyuma yaho Yona yaje kwandika ati “Imana y’ukuri ibona ibyo bakoze,  ukuntu bari baretse inzira zabo mbi, maze Imana y’ukuri yisubiraho ireka ibyago yari yavuze ko iri bubateze; ntiyabibateza.”​—Yona 3:10.

¹¹ None se ibyo bishatse kuvuga ko Yehova yari yibeshye igihe yaciragaho iteka umugi wa Nineve? Oya. Bibiliya ivuga ko ubutabera bwa Yehova butunganye. (Soma mu Gutegeka kwa Kabiri 32:4.) Uburakari bukiranuka Yehova yari afitiye Nineve bwahise bushira. Yitegereje ihinduka abo baturage bagize, maze abona ko bitari bikiri ngombwa ko abahana nk’uko yari yabiteganyije. Icyo gihe Imana yabonye ko yari ikwiriye kubagirira imbabazi.

12, 13. (a) Yehova agaragaza ate ko ashyira mu gaciro, agahuza n’imimerere kandi akagira imbabazi? (b) Kuki ubuhanuzi bwa Yona butari ikinyoma?

¹² Abayobozi b’amadini bakunze kuvuga ko Imana itavuguruzwa, ko itagira icyo yitaho cyangwa ko ari ingome. Nyamara, Yehova si uko ateye. Ahubwo ashyira mu gaciro, agahuza n’imimerere kandi akagira imbabazi. Iyo abonye ko agomba guhana ababi, akoresha abamuhagarariye kugira ngo bababurire, kubera ko ashishikazwa no kubona abantu bihana, bakareka ibikorwa byabo bibi nk’uko abantu b’i Nineve babigenje (Ezek 33:11). Yehova yabwiye umuhanuzi we Yeremiya ati “igihe cyose nzavuga iby’ubwami n’ishyanga ko ngiye kurirandura, nkarisenya kandi nkaririmbura, maze iryo shyanga rigahindukira rikareka ibibi nari naravuze ko nzariryoza, nzisubiraho ndeke ibyago nari naratekereje kuriteza.”​—Yer 18:7, 8.

¹³ None se ubuhanuzi bwa Yona bwari ikinyoma? Oya. Bwageze ku ntego yabwo yo kuburira abantu. Uwo muburo wasabaga abaturage b’i Nineve kureka ibikorwa bibi bakoraga, kandi bamaze kuburirwa barabiretse, barihana. Imana yari guhana abo baturage b’i Nineve iyo bongera gukora ibikorwa bibi. Uko ni na ko byagenze nyuma yaho.​—Zef 2:13-15.

14. Yona yumvise ameze ate igihe Yehova yababariraga abantu b’i Nineve?

¹⁴ Yona yitwaye ate igihe yabonaga umugi wa Nineve utarimbutse mu gihe yari abyiteze? Bibiliya igira iti “ariko ibyo bibabaza Yona cyane, azabiranywa n’uburakari” (Yona 4:1). Yona yageze n’aho asenga atonganya Imana Ishoborabyose! Yona yabwiye Imana ko icyari kumubera cyiza ari uko yari kuba yarigumiye iwe, ntarushye ajya i Nineve. Yavuze ko n’ubundi yari azi ko Yehova atari guteza ibyago abantu b’i Nineve, ndetse avuga ko ari na byo byari byaratumye abanza guhungira i Tarushishi. Nyuma yaho yisabiye gupfa avuga ko urupfu rwamurutiraga kubaho.​—Soma muri Yona 4:2, 3.

15. (a) Ni iki cyarakaje Yona? (b) Yehova yabigenje ate igihe umuhanuzi we yarakaraga?

¹⁵ Ni iki cyari gihangayikishije Yona? Ntituzi icyo yatekerezaga.  Gusa icyo tuzi ni uko yari yatangarije imbere y’abantu bose ko Nineve yari igiye kurimbuka, kandi abantu bari babyemeye. Nyamara igihe kigeze, ntibarimbutse. Ese yaba yaratinyaga ko abo bantu bamuha urw’amenyo cyangwa yatinyaga ko bamwita umuhanuzi w’ibinyoma? Uko byaba byaragenze kose, ntiyashimishijwe n’uko abo baturage bihannye cyangwa ngo ashimishwe n’uko Yehova yabagiriye imbabazi. Ahubwo birasa n’aho yahise aba umurakare, akigirira impuhwe kandi akababazwa n’uko yumvaga asuzuguritse. Ariko biragaragara ko Imana ya Yona igira imbabazi yari ikibona ibyiza muri uwo muhanuzi wari warakaye. Aho kugira ngo Yehova ahanire Yona ko yasuzuguye, yamubajije mu bugwaneza ikibazo kimufasha gutekereza. Yaramubajije ati “ese ubwo ufite impamvu yumvikana yo kuzabiranywa n’uburakari” (Yona 4:4)? Ese nibura Yona yagize icyo asubiza? Nta cyo Bibiliya ibivugaho.

16. Ni mu buhe buryo abantu bamwe bashobora kugira ibyo batemeranyaho n’Imana, kandi se ni irihe somo tuvana ku rugero rwa Yona?

¹⁶ Nubwo byoroshye guciraho iteka imyifatire ya Yona, byaba byiza twibutse ko ari ibisanzwe ko abantu badatunganye bagira ibyo batemeranyaho n’Imana. Hari abumva ko Yehova yagombye kuba yarabujije ibyago ibi n’ibi kubaho, cyangwa ko yagombye guhita acira urubanza umuntu mubi cyangwa se ko yagombye kuba yararimbuye iyi si. Urugero rwa Yona rutwibutsa ko niba hari icyo tutemeranyaho na Yehova Imana, buri gihe ari twe tuba tugomba guhindura uko tubona ibintu. Yehova ntajya yibeshya.

17, 18. (a) Yona yakoze iki amaze kuva i Nineve? (b) Ibitangaza Yehova yakoze harimo n’icyo kumeza uruyuzi, byatumye Yona yumva ameze ate?

¹⁷ Igihe uwo muhanuzi wari ubabaye yavaga i Nineve, ntiyagiye iwe. Ahubwo yerekeje iburasirazuba, ahantu hari imisozi yari yitegeye ako karere. Agezeyo yubatse akaruri yicaramo, ategereza kureba uko byari kugendekera umugi wa Nineve. Birashoboka ko yari agitsimbaraye ku gitekerezo cy’uko yari kubona uwo mugi urimbuka. Ni mu buhe buryo Yehova yari kwigisha uwo mugabo utaragiraga imbabazi isomo ryo kugira imbabazi?

¹⁸ Byageze nijoro Yehova ameza uruyuzi, Yona abyutse abona rwakuze rutohagiye, kandi rufite ibibabi binini byatangaga igicucu kiruta icya ka karuri yari yagondagonze. Yona abibonye atyo, “yishimira cyane urwo ruyuzi.” Birashoboka ko Yona yibwiraga ko kuba rwarameze mu buryo bw’igitangaza byari ikimenyetso cy’uko Imana yamwemeraga kandi ikamuha imigisha. Icyakora, hari ikindi kintu Yehova yashakaga gukorera Yona uretse kumurinda izuba no kumukuramo umujinya uvanze n’agasuzuguro. Yashakaga gufasha Yona gutekereza, bityo akora ibindi bitangaza. Yakoresheje inanda  maze irya urwo ruyuzi ruruma. Nyuma yaho yohereje “umuyaga utwika w’iburasirazuba” bigeza ubwo Yona ‘arabirana’ kubera ubushyuhe. Ibyo byatumye Yona yongera kurakara, maze asaba Imana ko yamureka akipfira.​—Yona 4:6-8.

19, 20. Ni mu buhe buryo Yehova yafashije Yona gutekereza ahereye ku ruyuzi?

¹⁹ Yehova yongeye kubaza Yona niba yari akwiriye kurakara, kubera ko urwo ruyuzi rwumye. Aho kugira ngo Yona yicuze, yisobanuye agira ati “mfite impamvu yumvikana yo kuzabiranywa n’uburakari, ndetse ndumva napfa.” Icyo gihe noneho Yehova yari abonye uburyo bwiza bwo kumwigisha.​—Yona 4:9.

²⁰ Imana yafashije Yona gutekereza, ivuga ko uwo muhanuzi yari ababajwe gusa n’uko urwo ruyuzi rwari rwameze mu ijoro rimwe rwari rwumye, kandi Yona atari we wari waruteye cyangwa ngo arumeze. Imana yashoje ibaza uwo muhanuzi wayo iti “ese jye sinari nkwiriye kubabazwa n’umugi munini wa Nineve, utuwe n’abantu basaga ibihumbi ijana na makumyabiri batazi gutandukanya  indyo n’imoso, ukaba urimo n’amatungo menshi?”​—Yona 4:10, 11. *

21. (a) Ni iki Yehova yakoresheje kugira ngo yigishe Yona? (b) Iyo nkuru yadufasha ite kwisuzuma tutibereye?

²¹ Ese wabonye ukuntu Yehova yakoresheje uruyuzi kugira ngo yigishe Yona isomo rikomeye? Nta kintu na kimwe Yona yari yakoze kugira ngo yite kuri urwo ruyuzi. Nyamara, Yehova we yari yarahaye abo bantu b’i Nineve ubuzima kandi ababeshaho nk’uko abigenzereza ibiremwa byose byo ku isi. Ni iki cyatumaga Yona abona ko uruyuzi rumwe rwari rufite agaciro karuta ak’ubuzima bw’abantu bagera ku 120.000 n’amatungo yabo? Ese ntiyaba yarabitewe n’uko yari asigaye ari umuntu wikunda? Ibyo ari byo byose, icyatumye ababazwa n’uruyuzi ni uko rwari rwamugiriye akamaro. Ese ntiyarakariye Nineve kubera ko yari afite intego zishingiye ku bwikunde, yifuza ko abantu bamubona neza, bakemera ko ibyo yavuze byari ukuri? Inkuru ya Yona ishobora kudufasha kwisuzuma tutibereye. Ni nde muri twe utajya rimwe na rimwe agira ubwikunde nk’ubwo? Twagombye gushimira Yehova utwigisha yihanganye uko twakwirinda kuba abantu bikunda, ahubwo tukagira impuhwe kandi tukababarira abandi nk’uko na we abigenza.

22. (a) Ese Yona yaba yarumvise isomo Yehova yamwigishije ryo kugirira abandi imbabazi? (b) Ni irihe somo twese dukwiriye kwiga?

²² Umuntu ashobora kwibaza niba Yona yarazirikanye iryo somo. Igitabo cyitiriwe Yona gisozwa n’ikibazo Yehova yamubajije, ariko kitigeze gisubizwa. Hari abahanga mu kujora bashobora kuvuga ko Yona atigeze asubiza. Nyamara yaragishubije. Ikigaragaza ko yagishubije ni uko yanditse icyo gitabo. Nk’uko ubibona, hari gihamya yerekana ko Yona ari we wanditse igitabo cyamwitiriwe. Noneho sa n’ureba uwo muhanuzi yarasubiye iwabo ari muzima, arimo yandika iyi nkuru. Dushobora gusa n’abareba umugabo ukuze, wabaye umunyabwenge kandi wicisha bugufi, arimo azunguza umutwe ababaye mu gihe yandika amakosa ye, ubwigomeke bwe n’ukuntu yatsimbararaga yanga kugirira abandi imbabazi. Biragaragara neza ko Yona yasobanukiwe isomo ry’ingenzi Yehova yamwigishije. Yize kugirira abandi imbabazi. Ese nawe ni uko uzabigenza?​—Soma muri Matayo 5:7.